Shame and Guilt Is There a Difference free essay sample

As soon as the Judge ruled and sentenced an adult woman to four years and 394 day of Jail, many people outside the court were outraged. The adult lady killed a construction worker, while on her way to a party. The thing is she was driving drunk, and due to her drunkenness, she didnt notice the construction ahead signs. As a result, she ran over a construction worker, who after being severely injured, didnt survive. So you might be thinking that Justice was made and thats the end of it. Well no. for those people outside the court, Justice wasnt made. Why? Because that oman who killed that worker can buy herself out of Jail and out of her responsibility. If she had been given five years, then she would have to serve her sentence in Jail, but since she was only sentenced to 4 years and 395 days then she can go on with her life as though nothing happened. We will write a custom essay sample on Shame and Guilt: Is There a Difference? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And you know what her fee is? 1 500 dollars. The mans family and neighbors are mad and so am l. I think that she should definitely be more years in Jail. That she shouldnt be able to buy herself out. What happens to his family? What happens to his parents, to his wife, but mostly to his hildren? According to author June Tangney, in her essay Condemn the Crime, Not the Person, we should make people like this woman feel guilty but not shameful about what she has done. As far as I am concerned, that woman should feel both guilty and ashamed of what she did. That because of her irresponsibility of driving drink she left children without their father, and parents without their son. As the number of crimes increase, punishment for those that are caught should also increase. In the essay Shame Is Worth a try, author Dan M. Kahan explains a few xamples of how shame as a punishment is worth to try. He explains how people that are found drinking and driving in Florida or Texas can get ordered to place bumper stickers in their car stating their previous DUI. Why couldnt something similar be done with this case? Of course no bumper sticker will ever compensate for the damage done, but it will at least make everybody else aware of the danger they might run into. According to Tangney, Feelings of shame involve a painful focus on the self †the humiliating sense that I am a bad person. Tangney also tries to argue how psychologically this affects the person, how it doesnt motivate any changes and therefore doesnt approve of this as a punishment. I believe that in order to learn from your bad choices, it is important to feel ashamed and guilty. People who commit robberies and other similar crimes should be humiliated and made feel guilty of what they have done. Only that way will they ever think of not doing it again. What if the woman in the case I mentioned earlier paid her fee and had to do some type of community service? What if she was sent to some DUI classes and then go help with campaigns to prevent drunk driving? Well I wouldnt be so happy about this. Tangney provides examples of how people in similar cases can be sent to these kinds of events instead of publicly shaming them. But then what happens to those persons who really volunteer for those good causes like helping the elderly and cleaning parks? What happens with them? Ideas like Tangneys seem like an insult to those who volunteer from their heart and not because they have to or because they were ordered to do so. In paragraph seven, Kahan agrees on how community service is to these causes, not only that but it is also seen as an I insult to those who benefit from these activities. What I propose is for a better way to take care of our growing community criminals. I propose more time in Jail, and no paid fees. It is simply not fair that while a family suffers, the one that is at fault can leave without being punished. Its not something absurd or new. These kinds of ideas and injustices have been going on for a while now and it is time to do something about it.

The Key Dimensions of Quality

The Key Dimensions of Quality Introduction Over time, several debates have been conducted by various scholars to aptly define quality. In essence, quality is a simple concept. However, there are many dynamics and aspects that are variably used by scholars to pin-point the exact meaning of quality. It is for this reason that quality means different things to different people and countless of debates are still ongoing to find an aptly fitting definition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Key Dimensions of Quality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For the purpose of this paper, quality will be generally, yet representatively inclusive, defined as the ability of a product or service to meet the expected needs of its clients (Pereira, 2008). In this definition, several vital aspects such as performance, perceived quality, value and aesthetic value have to be put into consideration. It is with this- and many other reasons in mind- that this paper seek s to define the key aspects of quality. In doing so, fitting examples from the field of Human Resource Management (HRM) will be used to exemplify each of the defined dimensions Performance According to Seidel et al. (2009), performance simply refers to the assessment of whether a product or service has performed as it is purposed to do. In assessing performance, an evaluation has to be done on the strengths and weaknesses of the product or service then an overall rating is done as to whether it performed or not. For example, in HR Management, performance can be measured by assessing whether the workers of a company served its clients appropriately. From a managerial perspective, performance majorly entails profitability by the company, satisfaction of clients and satisfaction of the workers (Pilbeam Corbridge, 2006). Features Just like the name suggests, features refer to the specific attributes, traits or characteristics of a product or service that enables it to serve its intende d purpose (Gibbs, 2010). Other than enabling a product or service to serve its purpose in terms of performance, features also play the irreplaceable role of defining a particular product or service in aspects such as brand management. A good example of such is the difference in features of phones from companies like Nokia, Apple and Samsung. For efficacy in HR Management, there has to be close coordination between the managers, workers and clients so that products and services are tailored with the appropriate features that meet the needs of the target market (Seidel et al., 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reliability With regards to HR Management, reliability emphasizes on the trustworthiness or dependability of a product of service over a given period of time. In assessing the quality, a product or service must be able to perform as is required over a give n period of time while intermittently being able to avoid unnecessary brake-downs, failures and down-times (Gibbs, 2010). For example, reliability of a HR manager can be assessed by his ability to perform his duties in a dependable way over a particular duration. Just like features, reliability goes a long way in portraying a company image thus should be keenly considered by those in charge of quality issues in the company. Conformance This dimension of quality answers the question; does a product or service conform to the required features or specifications? Conformance can be based on various aspects of quality. For example, some products or services are specifically designed to conform to reliability whereas others are simply for performance. In HR Management, conformance is sometimes used to refer to the ability of a product or service to match up with the requirements in the market (Bratton Gold, 2007). For instance, based on the ever increasing relevance and importance of IT (Information and Technology) issues in today’s business-oriented world; most recruitment personnel in companies have made it mandatory for the prospective workers to have basic knowledge in IT. In this regard, the need to have IT-compliant workers is viewed as a form of compliance to the elemental importance of knowledge in IT. Durability In most occasions, durability is viewed as a subset of reliability. This is majorly based on the relevance of the aspect of time. However, unlike reliability which stresses more-or-less on performance, durability is chiefly concerned with the quality of a product or service based on its ability to function effectively and last over a long period of time. Additionally, durability strongly considers issues such as tare and ware of a product. The durability of a product hugely determines crucial aspects of quality such as warranty. As a general rule, products or services that are durable tend to have longer warranties than those with less durab ility. Based on such knowledge on durability, HR Managers can easily tailor their products and services to be durable so as to attract and retain as many customers as possible (Pilbeam Corbridge, 2006). Serviceability Serviceability simply refers to the ease in maintenance of a product or service. Most products that are reliable and durable witness less functionality and performance problems thus easily serviceable. It is worth noting that, based on their simplistic features or components, some products are easy to maintain.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Key Dimensions of Quality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, vehicles tend to be more difficult to service when compared to motorcycles. This ease or difficulty of product maintenance is also referred to as serviceability. For HR Managers, serviceability is not only vital in terms of maintenance and repair of products for performance of these produ cts but it also helps in cost-efficacy since well maintained products are less faulty thus less need to incur costs in repairing or maintaining them. Aesthetics Aesthetics refer to the outward beauty of a product or service. In today’s world, beauty plays an important role in marketing of products or services. It is based on this reason that HR Managers in most, if not all, companies usually strive to create aesthetic products and services attract clients (Gibbs, 2010). Tare and ware often destroys the aesthetic value of a product. It is during such instances that aspects of quality such as serviceability come in handy in-terms of conducting maintenance and repairs. Perceived Quality The manner in which human beings perceive things greatly determines how they get to deal with day-to-day endeavors. Aptly put in the words of Pereira (2008), â€Å"perception is reality†, in other words, our perceptions determine our realities. Needless to say, different people perceive di fferent things in different ways based on differences in cultures, beliefs or even religious backgrounds. These differences hugely determine how these people interpret the quality of certain products or services. For example, conservative societies tend to appreciate â€Å"decent† clothing like full dresses for women. In the permissive societies, decency plays a very minor role and that’s the reason women in such societies can get to walk in the streets with very exposing clothes in the name of fashion. Consequently, HR Managers should preliminarily be aware of the perceptions of their clients. Once they have firm background knowledge on the people targeted by their products and services, it will be relatively easy to serve them fittingly. Value In most instances, value and quality are often used synonymously and interchangeably since they tend to refer to the same thing. The value of a product or service is usually based on almost all the dimensions of quality that ha ve been discussed above. The distinguishing feature that separates value from quality is that, in a good number of instances, value hugely relies on individual perceptions and the sentimental or emotional element of products or services. On the other hand, quality tends to be a combination of all the aforementioned aspects balanced in a more-or-less universally accepted way. Over time, HR Managers have been able to study the perceptions and values of individuals or groups of people in regards to quality and it has been found that the value of a product can be easily created by market controllers when compared to other aspects such as durability. Through such mechanisms, products or services whose quality is spiraling downwards can be easily rejuvenated by these HR Managers (Adams Goldbard, 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion From the discussions above, it is eminently evident that all the key dimensions discussed herein are interrelated in one way or another. The success of one dimension hugely determines the success of the other. So, if overall efficacy is to be witnessed in terms of quality of products or services, HR Managers, and other concerned parties, must find a way of ensuring that all these dimensions of quality are equally facilitated. References Adams, D., Goldbard, A. (2002). Community, culture and globalization. New York: Rockefeller Foundation. Bratton, J., Gold, J. (2007). Human resource management: theory and practice (4th ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Gibbs, G. (2010). Dimensions of quality. Retrieved from http://uadm.uu.se/digitalAssets/91/a_91639-f_Dimensions-of-Quality.pdf Pereira, R. (2008). 8 dimensions of quality. Web. Pilbeam, S., Corbridge, M. (2006). People resourcing: contemporary hrm in practice. London, UK: Prentice Hall. Seidel, S., Tishman, S., Winn er, E., Hetland, L., Palmer, P. (2009). The qualities of quality: Understanding excellence in arts education. Retrieved from https://www.wallacefoundation.org/knowledge-center/Documents/Understanding-Excellence-in-Arts-Education.pdf

Cycles and patterns in the biosphere Research Paper

Cycles and patterns in the biosphere - Research Paper Example The biosphere provides a room where a cycle of biological process like decomposition, nitrogen fixing, photosynthesis of plants and respiration takes place. The ingredients also cycle in a way that they the biosphere allows the living things to take and also return them to the other spheres in a pragmatic way ( Smil &Vaclav 23-58). There are several factors that determine the biosphere which include; water, shelter, light and nutrients. Climatic conditions that vary from different places on the earth also influence the biosphere in a big way. These factors influence the cycles that take place upon the earth like the oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, geochemical cycles, biochemical cycle and the photosynthesis process. These processes ensure there is life on earth, for instance, when plants release the oxygen and the animals breathe in oxygen and release back the carbon dioxide that is used for photosynthesis. As a result of the biosphere cycles and process, the earth has not been altered and therefore provide a friendly environment for all living things ( Jorgensen, Sven and Brian 3-20). Oxygen Cycle Its the biochemical process that shows the movement of oxygen from the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere which is done through the process of photosynthesis ( Alcamo & I E 234-260). As the hydrologic cycle enables movement of water from the sky down to the earth, oxygen also is cycled in a certain pattern in the environment. In the process of photosynthesis, plants use the sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide, then water into carbohydrates and oxygen. Plants play integral key role in the oxygen cycle because they breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen; photosynthesis includes plants that grow in the land areas as well as the water and oceans. There is also a small percentage of oxygen that is produced from photolysis when energy through radiation breaks down the water in the atmosphere and nitrogen oxide into atomic elements, including more compone nts hence leaving some oxygen in the air. Animals breathe in the oxygen produced from the plants in the process of photosynthesis and breath out carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. The carbon dioxide breathed out by animals is therefore released into the atmosphere hence forming the continuous cycle of oxygen. In the process, plants during the day, they use the oxygen to break down the carbohydrates; same as the animals break down the carbohydrates during respiration. For the rate of metabolism to be maintained, plants do absorb oxygen from the air and give carbon dioxide to the air like the animals do. Plants produce a lot of oxygen during the day as compared to the night because of availability of sunlight, although in times whereby plants consume a lot of oxygen during the night, can lead to low oxygen levels in marine areas. Carbon dioxide is also released into the atmosphere when organism decay and bacteria consume oxygen through decay mechanism and process. The cycling process of oxygen also takes a place between the biosphere and lithosphere when the marine biosphere creates calcium carbonate element that contains oxygen. As ( Harman& Rebecca 50-100) points out, the biosphere extracts nutrients from the rock elements which enables a release of oxygen into the atmosphere and that the ozone layer has been created in the stratosphere due to the oxygen that is

Microeconomics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Microeconomics - Term Paper Example onsumption of services and goods by a consumer, the theory is an attempt to measure the general satisfaction a consumer derives from the consumption of a good, the utility theory also states the law of diminishing marginal utility, this concept states that as the number of units consumed by a consumer increase then the marginal utility level keeps on dropping until it reaches zero. For example the utility gained by consuming the first unit of a good or service is higher than the utility gained from the consumption of the second unit, this shows that as we increase the number of units we consumed the utility level keeps on declining. From the chart above it is evident that the consumption of more units of a good will increase the level of utility, however marginal utility declines as the number of units increase, the above diagram shows the total utility curve and the marginal utility curve, the point labeled 0 is the optimal point of consumption for a consumer whereby a consumer should consume to this point where the marginal utility value is equal to zero. For a rational consumer the optimal consumption of a good wil also be determined by the cost of price of goods and services and also their income, if we assume that a cionsumer consume two goods with different utility levels and that his income is 200 dollars, also assume that we have good A which costs 20 dollars and good b which costs 10 dollars then we can formulate a budget line by determining the maximum number of goods a consumer will consume, for good A the maximum number of units the consumer can purchase is 200/20 = 10 for good B the maximum number of units the consumer can purchase is 200/10 = 20, therefore we derive the budget line as follows: The chart shows the indifference curve, the higher the indifference curve the higher the level of utility derived and the lower the indifference curve the lower the level of utility derived. From our above example we determine the optimal level of consumption

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 15

Case Study Example First, the target to achieve higher scores in already flooded market by using the slogan ‘I will’. Creation of better products with continued innovation that accommodate variety of people enables the brand to stand out. Use of media and retail presentation also account for part of marketing strategy. Main distribution channels for the company have been through regional and national sporting whole sales, special stores, chain stores and institutions. Additionally, sales directly to customers also take place through factory stores in Asia and North America. Third parties produce fine fabrication for company and this production undergoes through collaborative check. Thus, the company ensures usage of only high quality fabrication in manufacturing of their products. Most of the products the company uses are advance technologically through the third parties or on short term to limited sources, which get them from limited suppliers. The third parties provide the company with technologically advanced fabrication used in production. These supplies take place through short term only from limited suppliers. Manufacturing of the products takes place through unaffiliated 14 companies in 65% of the products.Locations of the manufacturing companies are in Philippines, China, Malaysia, Jordan, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia Nicaragua and Mexico. Management of the company inventory is through consideration of various factors, which include current orders, sales expectations and delivery requirement by the customers. By December 31 2013, the company had 117 factory houses and 6 brand stores in North America. Meeting customers’ demands form the basic strategy in inventory management that is a continuous process. System in inventory management enables the company to forecast and planning supply process. During the start of the company, funding for its operation came from the owner but growth and expansion of the business

Importance of Vitamins Essay Example for Free

Importance of Vitamins Essay Essential fatty acids are vital to promote the growth and fullness of hair. Incorporate seeds and nuts like walnuts, almonds, and pumpkin seeds into your snacks and meals. More common sources of essential fatty acids are flax, canola oil, fish and soy. Vitamins Vitamin E improves circulation to all parts of the body. The scalp needs proper circulation in order for hair follicles to be stimulated. Vitamin E can be found in avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil, wheat germ, dried beans, soybeans, and dark green leafy vegetables. The B vitamins which include Biotin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Pantothenic Acid prevent hair loss. These vitamins can easily be incorporated by adding eggs, meat, poultry, and whole grain cereals to your diet. Sponsored Links http://www. livestrong. com/article/242666-diet-to-thicken-hair/#ixzz2B6HNXT00 Besides being rich in protein and vitamin D (both are key to strong hair) the omega-3 fatty acids found in this tasty cold-water fish are the true superstar. Your body cant make those fatty acids, which your body needs to grow hair. About 3% of the hair shaft is make up of these fatty acids, Drayer says. Omega-3s are also found in cell membranes in the skin of your scalp, and in the natural oils that keep your scalp and hair hydrated. Other options: If salmon doesnt thrill you, you can also get essential fatty acids from fish like herring, sardines, trout, and mackerel, as well as avocado, pumpkin seeds, and walnuts (see below for more wonderful things about walnuts

The American Dream in What’s So Great About America and Stupid White Me

The American Dream is so many different things to so many different people. While other countries around the World would like to argue that Americans’ only aspiration is to become infinitely wealthy, Dinesh D’Souza claims that it is not wealth that Americans want. He believes that it is simply a better life. Michael Moore too acknowledges Americans’ ambition, especially his own, to create a better life for themselves. These two views of the American Dream come from very opposite Americans, but it is their differences that make their ideals so beautifully unique. To begin the comparison between these two authors, I will first examine Moore’s ideology. As it is obviously stated in the title of his book, Moore is not exactly subtle person. He voices his contempt of what has become the American Dream through his own story of an underpaid and underappreciated pilot. Moore disgust for the pilot’s situation when he crudely utters, â€Å"Never, ever let someone fly you up in the air who’s making less than the kid at Taco Bell.† (Moore, 48) Moore, of self-admitted wealth, sympathizes with men that collect food stamps. These pilots, as well as the rest of Americans, are being robbed of our American Dreams by corporate minions that have been stockpiling income for the last, â€Å"two decades.† (Moore, 50) These same CEO’s and other suits are the greed at the tops of huge corporations that, with the absence of Clinton, have had a field day with ripping off Americans by and large through tax shelters, off-shore s ubsidies, and other means of defrauding the American Public. Moore drives this point home when he attacks Mercedes Benz tax dodging of emissions fines as a blatant tactic, â€Å"so that rich people could drive around big, fancy cars and ruin people lungs.† (Moore, 53) Although he admits to living among the rich people, Moore points out that the government too is among those that are flushing away the American Dream, because tax audits have increased among the less paid in American society. Moore reveals that his true vision of the American Dream is the success of people who have, â€Å"played by the rules, gave their heart and sole and first marriage to their company.† (Moore, 55) Certainly success is anything but guaranteed in any competitive Capitalistic society. This competition is what makes America thrive. However, Moore feels that it is not Capitalism fault, as much as it is... ...ti-patriotism. I see his aggressive style as his way of embracing our democracy and forcing it to make our country better in any way it can. What he is saying is to refuse mediocrity in our own government. I too believe we should always be striving to make our country better. It is this reason that I call D’Souza naà ¯ve. Our government did not become what it is over night. It has been hundreds of years of fight and struggle from people like Moore that pushed America through her weaknesses, like segregation, racism, injustice, etc.. D’Souza touches on this idea somewhat when he quotes V.S. Naipaul’s notion that Americans believe in an individual’s potential for, â€Å"perfectibility.† (D’Souza, 85) Because of our government, more directly its rule by the people, this perfectibility should also be extended to our every political ideal. Even though I admire D’Souza and his blind love for America, I agree that Moore’s head is in the right direction. Works Cited D’Souza, Dinesh., What’s So Great About America (Washington, Regnery Publishing, 2002). Moore, Michael. Stupid White Men and Other Sorry Excuses for the State of the Nation. New York: Regan/ HarperCollins, 2001. The American Dream in What’s So Great About America and Stupid White Me The American Dream is so many different things to so many different people. While other countries around the World would like to argue that Americans’ only aspiration is to become infinitely wealthy, Dinesh D’Souza claims that it is not wealth that Americans want. He believes that it is simply a better life. Michael Moore too acknowledges Americans’ ambition, especially his own, to create a better life for themselves. These two views of the American Dream come from very opposite Americans, but it is their differences that make their ideals so beautifully unique. To begin the comparison between these two authors, I will first examine Moore’s ideology. As it is obviously stated in the title of his book, Moore is not exactly subtle person. He voices his contempt of what has become the American Dream through his own story of an underpaid and underappreciated pilot. Moore disgust for the pilot’s situation when he crudely utters, â€Å"Never, ever let someone fly you up in the air who’s making less than the kid at Taco Bell.† (Moore, 48) Moore, of self-admitted wealth, sympathizes with men that collect food stamps. These pilots, as well as the rest of Americans, are being robbed of our American Dreams by corporate minions that have been stockpiling income for the last, â€Å"two decades.† (Moore, 50) These same CEO’s and other suits are the greed at the tops of huge corporations that, with the absence of Clinton, have had a field day with ripping off Americans by and large through tax shelters, off-shore s ubsidies, and other means of defrauding the American Public. Moore drives this point home when he attacks Mercedes Benz tax dodging of emissions fines as a blatant tactic, â€Å"so that rich people could drive around big, fancy cars and ruin people lungs.† (Moore, 53) Although he admits to living among the rich people, Moore points out that the government too is among those that are flushing away the American Dream, because tax audits have increased among the less paid in American society. Moore reveals that his true vision of the American Dream is the success of people who have, â€Å"played by the rules, gave their heart and sole and first marriage to their company.† (Moore, 55) Certainly success is anything but guaranteed in any competitive Capitalistic society. This competition is what makes America thrive. However, Moore feels that it is not Capitalism fault, as much as it is... ...ti-patriotism. I see his aggressive style as his way of embracing our democracy and forcing it to make our country better in any way it can. What he is saying is to refuse mediocrity in our own government. I too believe we should always be striving to make our country better. It is this reason that I call D’Souza naà ¯ve. Our government did not become what it is over night. It has been hundreds of years of fight and struggle from people like Moore that pushed America through her weaknesses, like segregation, racism, injustice, etc.. D’Souza touches on this idea somewhat when he quotes V.S. Naipaul’s notion that Americans believe in an individual’s potential for, â€Å"perfectibility.† (D’Souza, 85) Because of our government, more directly its rule by the people, this perfectibility should also be extended to our every political ideal. Even though I admire D’Souza and his blind love for America, I agree that Moore’s head is in the right direction. Works Cited D’Souza, Dinesh., What’s So Great About America (Washington, Regnery Publishing, 2002). Moore, Michael. Stupid White Men and Other Sorry Excuses for the State of the Nation. New York: Regan/ HarperCollins, 2001.

Geographical Discoveries

Great geographical discoveries – a popular term geographical discoveries made at the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, in particular: circumnavigation Cape of Good Hope by Diaz (1488), the discovery of America by Columbus (1492), and then the conquest, trip [[Vasco da Gama | to India (1498) and the first trip around the world, Magellan (1519-1522). These events triggered a further voyages of discovery and contributed to a significant widening of the geographical horizon of Europeans. Expedition of Christopher Columbus Rulers of Spain, they realized that they begin to lose the distance to Portugal, which definitely lead the quantity organized expeditions. But so far Spain was busy fighting with the Arabs, who defended her at the last stronghold – Grenada. When in 1492 the Saracens were expelled from the Iberian peninsula, Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to finance the expedition, which presented them with a description of the Genoese Christopher Columbus. The traveler asked the first king of Portugal. Presented a plan aimed at shipping on the west and in accordance with the map of Ptolemy, after crossing the Atlantic to reach Asia. However, not met with favor. With the same plan, asked the king of Spain. Under the agreement, written by Columbus from the royal couple: Columbus was appointed for life admiral, governor and viceroy of the newly discovered lands. 1 / 10 of income from the newly discovered land was to belong to Columbus, the rest of the royal treasury. In return, Columbus promised to cover 1 / 8 the cost of the expedition. The rest covered the royal couple. And the expedition of Christopher Columbus (1492-1493) The expedition set sail on August 3, 1492 from the port of Palos de la Frontera. The first stage of the journey were previously discovered the Canary Islands, then Columbus sailed along the 28 parallel to the west. The crew, consisting of about 90 people after 3 weeks of shipping began to rebel, when it turned out that you can not see land. 29. 09. Columbus in his diary wrote that it was rebellion. 11. 10. Columbus erected ultimatum – if within 24 hours will not see the land has ordered outflow. Fortunately for Kolumba12 October after three months of the expedition, when the entire crew of the ship was already tired and actually threatened Columbus's death, Juan Rodriguez Bermejo saw the crow's nest land. The expedition landed on the island probably Watling (called Guanahani by the Indians), a small island group of the Bahamas. In the natives pointed gold ornaments. Interviewed about their origin indicated the direction to the south. Judging from this that lies to the north of the mainland, Columbus chose a new course to the southwest. Indians called the island's inhabitants. October 28 Columbus arrived in Cuba, then on December 6 found another island of Haiti / Hispaniola and the smaller islands, which he called Isabella and Fernandina in honor of the royal couple. Then there was a crisis – in late January and February turned out that the admiral ship sank and the Santa Maria, Columbus ordered the return to their homeland. In March 1493, two ships returned to Palos. Second expedition of Christopher Columbus (1493 – 1494) September 25, 1493, the expedition set off another. This time the expedition better equipped, numbering more ships (about 15, the number of crew: about 1750). The expedition lasted 1. 5 years. This time, Columbus chose a more southern route, and thus reached land in the area of the Lesser Antilles. Subsequently discovered the island of Dominica, Marie – Galante, Guadeloupe, Antigua and Puerto Rico. Nov. 22 Columbus arrived in Haiti again, to see that the people left there, no one survived. How domyslono, all perished in the struggle with the natives. In the longer journey Columbus sailed along the southern coast of Cuba and discovered Jamaica. However, the absolute gggaaaTymczasem proceeding to Columbus alienated a large part of his crew. Discouraged many hardships and lack of legendary riches separated themselves from the trip and started searching on your own. Others returned to Spain, choking many complaints on Columbus. Influenced by the enemies of Columbus postulated to take privileges granted to him earlier, and in his place appointed royal governor of the newly discovered lands. In this situation, Columbus on March 19 headed back to Spain, where he arrived June 11. At the court managed to clear himself of the charges against him, obtained a confirmation of earlier privileges and the promise of organizing the next, the third expedition. Third expedition of Christopher Columbus (1498 – 1500) Another, already the third expedition took place in 1498 on her organization had to wait so much, because it failed to fully restore confidence in what it darzono. In fact, only during this expedition, Christopher Columbus saw the mainland. It was South America, but that's when fate turned away from Columbus. Columbus autocratic favor of his people, in particular his son – Diego. She came to the undoubted frustration at the lack of major economic successes and difficulties expeditions in relations with the natives. Just as during the second expedition, news arrived of the problems to the crown. Meanwhile, it was decided to act more decisively. In June 1500 sent to the west of Francis Bobadilla, which were endowed with wide powers of attorney. After reviewing the situation in Haiti, he ordered arrest of Columbus and his son, and shackled to send them to Spain. At the Columbus site again managed to clear themselves of charges and return to the graces of the royal pair. The result was a fourth and last expedition of Columbus to America. IV expedition of Christopher Columbus (1502 -1504) May 9, 1502 flotilla of four ships and 150 crew company Columbus went west again. This time the situation was urgent. In the meantime, Vasco da Gama discovered the route to India around the African continent. Columbus urgently needed was a success proving that the road to the west is shorter, more comfortable and safer. Columbus's intention was to find the transition to water, which eventually took him to lead India. He expected to go to the west of Cuba. There was headed in his expedition. Flowing in this direction reached the coasts of Honduras and the Mosquito Coast on the east coast of Nicaragua. There, the natives learned about the â€Å"rich kingdoms† (Mayan civilization, and perhaps even the Inca Empire) and the â€Å"great sea† (Pacific Ocean), which lies further west, but despite strenuous attempts failed to find a water passage to the reservoir. Having lost two of the four ships, resigned to return to Cuba, then to Jamaica. There he was forced to settle the remaining ships aground. Materials originating in the damaged ships were used for the construction of fortified settlements. One of the companions of Columbus, Diego Mendez, the Indian boats set off for help survivors. But it was only after months wandering managed to get to Haiti, where he brought help. In the meantime Columbus was seriously ill and in such condition were transported him to Spain, where he arrived November 25, 1504. Summary of accomplishments of Christopher Columbus Given what Columbus has to say that the end of his life was tragic. After returning from the expedition moved to fourth place Vailadolid seriously ill, and having almost the status of a beggar. He died on May 20, 1506 was actually not knowing that he discovered America. He was convinced that came to Japan, to China, to India, and the mainland, which he saw during the third expedition he considered the biblical paradise. Meanwhile, the Portuguese and Spaniards, and realized that Columbus did not reach India, and discovered a new land. Another version of the last years of his life of Columbus presents a mysterious manuscript of Puri, according to which Columbus had died many years later and still take one-fifth trip to the West Indies. The authenticity of this source is given, however, questioned by most scholars Ferdinand Magellan (port. Fernao de Magalhaes, Spanish. Fernando de Magallanes, born. In the spring of 1480, as amended. April 27, 1521) – Portuguese sailor in the service of the Spanish maritime explorer and adventurer. He called the Pacific Ocean (Pacific). September 20, 1519 set out from Portugal by the western, or by the Atlantic Ocean to the Spice Islands in the Malay Archipelago. The expedition, which sailed under his command as the first circumnavigated the Earth. He died on April 27 killed by the inhabitants of the island of Mactan in the Philippine Archipelago Christopher Columbus (born 25 August or 31 October 1451 in Genoa (Italy) – died. May 20, 1506 in Valladolid, cat Cristofor Colom, owned by Cristoforo Colombo, Spanish. Cristobal Colon) – European sailor and navigator (probably Catalan by recent discoveries), captain of the expedition, which flowed on the three ships Santa Maria, Nina and Pinta under the flag of Castile in search of the western sea route to India, as the first in the history of geographical discoveries of modern beat tropical Atlantic Ocean and 12 October 1492 reached the West Indies (Antilles ) off the coast of America – the continent at that time unknown in Europe. Was appointed as admiral and made the first governor of the Spanish colonies in Central America, the organizer and master of four transatlantic discovery expeditions from Spain to America. Diaz used the discovery of Vasco da Gama. In 1497 another expedition was launched. Da Gama sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and headed towards Asia. Docked in the port of Calicut in India. Returned to the country in 1499 along with a large cargo of gold and spices. The country welcomed him enthusiastically. Maritime route to India became a reality. No wonder that the success of this expedition had a big impact naorganizowanie next. Henry the Navigator Portugal at least because of its location lent itself perfectly to the base for ocean expeditions. Despite the advantages of geographical location odegralaby probably not such a role in the great geographical discoveries, if not enthusiasm and dedication to Prince Henry (1394-1460) Henry called Sailor. After the conquest by the Portuguese in 1415 On the Moroccan coast Ceutry Henry was convinced that further expansion in Africa will bring great benefits. Counting on profits from trading gold, slaves, ivory, and pepper. With his support along the western coast of Cape Sangres organized a sort of database connection with the research center, where he collected all the geographical and navigational data and worked on the construction of sailing ships. For seventy years the Portuguese sailing ships were moving farther and farther south along the African coast, reaching successive headlands: Nun, Bojador, Blanco and 1445 Green Cape. During these expeditions the Portuguese discovered and colonized offshore islands and archipelagos – Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde. They assumed a fortified factories on the coast. And as it turned out that gold is less in Africa than they hoped, they took a more profitable procedere, the slave trade. EXPEDITIONS: WYPRARY PORTUGUESE: -Henry the Navigator – Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, crossed the equator in 1471r. , -Bartholomew Diaz – 1488r . – Busz Cape (Cape of Good Hope), Vasco da Gamma– the road to India along the coast of Africa (1497-1498), SPANISH EXPEDITION: Christopher Columbus – the discovery of America (12. 10. 1942r), Hispaniola (Haiti), Cuba and others (1492), Lesser Antilles, the Coast of Central America and South America (1493-1503); -Amerigo Vespucci – realized that America is a new continent (from his name, name); -Ferdinand Magellan – (1519-1522) circumnavigation of the Earth (Magellan Strait, Pacific Ocean, Philippines, Borneo) – died in 1521r. In the Philippines, an expedition Sebastian del Cano finished; – Francis Drake (English) – and the circumnavigation of South America (the world); CIVILIZATIONS AND SOUTH CENTRAL AMERICA: Maya: V w. n. e. – The beginnings of civilization in the areas of Central America (Yucatan plw. ) with its capital in Majapan; Economy: -Wypaleniskowa (incandescent), -Grown: beans, wheat, -Craft, art, the pyramid; -Religion based on the sun-god cults, rites – human sacrifice; -Totalitarian power, absolute, hereditary; -The principal adviser to the ruler – the high priest; -Did not know the wheel or arc; -Calendar (365 days divided into 18 months); -Developed astronomy; -Know the time (to understand this concept) decimal system; Were aware of the layout of digits; The Aztecs: The thirteenth century – the beginnings of civilization in the areas of Mexico today, with its capital in Tenochtitlan; -Developed economy; -Grown: tomatoes, cotton, cocoa; -Money: cocoa beans or golden sand; -Tools more advanced than the Mayans; -Construction: the temples; -Ruler chosen from among the administrative units; -Bloody rituals, wor ship of the sun: 1489 – 250 thousand were killed. people as victims of ritual, such as skinned, pulling beating hearts; -Took over the Mayan calendar; Incas: Fifteenth century origins of civilization in the areas of Peru; -Cult of the sun and moon; -A highly developed economy, -Machu Picchu, -Crafts (ornaments of gold); -Totalitarian state, absolute power; -The interests of the subordinated interests of the state; -Residents could not travel to other parts of the country; Courier-Mail (16 thousand. Km of roads) Knotted-letter; -Developed surgery and herbal medicine, hypnosis; 1519r. – Hispanic – Cortez Aztec civilization znieszczenie; XVI – the destruction of the Incas – Izarro;

Commitment and Dedication

As a Boy Scout what commitment and dedication mean to me is being completely ready to carry out my responsibilities as a Boy Scout. I will do my very best to uphold my duties and responsibilities in the best way that I can, and I will always be willing to help others, if a situation arises. I will always appreciate the experience and knowledge that I have gained while being a Boy Scout and I will also encourage others to join.I will remain dedicated and committed to my title and I will do my very best to use my knowledge for the good of others. Whenever I am in a situation where I must choose between my Boy Scout meetings or play, I will do my very best to attend the meetings. I will remain a loyal Boy Scout who values the time he has spent in the Boy Scouts and will strive to demonstrate the skills that I have learned. I will also always remember to respect my fellow Boy Scouts and remain a good friend to them.I will always be committed to helping them and be fully dedicated as a Bo y Scout. My dedication and commitment will always remain with me, for I am grateful for the ones who trained me to be knowledgeable in so many areas and I will always appreciate them for the dedication and commitment that they gave to me. Dedication and commitment are two things that the Boy Scouts have taught me that I will keep with me and appreciate for the rest of my life.

Childbirth, Childhood and Adolescence in the Middle Ages

Childbirth, Childhood and Adolescence in the Middle Ages What do you really know about medieval children? Perhaps no other period of history has more misconceptions associated with it than the Middle Ages. The history of childhood is also full of misconceptions. Recent scholarship has illuminated the lives of medieval children as never before, dispelling many of these misconceptions and replacing them with verifiable facts about life for the medieval child. In this multi-part feature, we explore various facets of medieval childhood, from childbirth through the teen years. Well see that, though the world they lived in was very different, medieval children were in some ways very like the children of today. Introduction to Medieval Childhood In this article, we dissect the concept of childhood in the middle ages and how that influenced the importance of children in medieval society.   Medieval Childbirth and Baptism Discover what childbirth was like in the middle ages for women of all stations and classes and the importance of religious ceremonies like baptism in the Christian world. Surviving Infancy in the Middle Ages The death rate and average lifespan in the middle ages were drastically different from what we see today. Discover what like was like for an infant as well as the realities of child mortality rate and infanticide. The Playful Years of Childhood in the Middle Ages A common misconception about medieval children is that they were treated like adults and expected to behave like adults. Children were expected to do their share of household chores, but play was also a prominent part of medieval childhood.   The Learning Years of Medieval Childhood The teenage years were the time to concentrate more intensely on learning in preparation for adulthood. While not all adolescents had schooling options, in some ways education was the archetypal experience of adolescence. Work and Adolescence in the Middle Ages While medieval teens might have been preparing for adulthood, their lives may have been full of both work and play. Discover the typical life of a teen in the middle ages.

Volatile organic Compounds Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Volatile organic Compounds - Lab Report Example The major effects of the compound on human health are in the central nervous system. When it accumulates in the body, it affects the nervous system and the result can be very detrimental. The other effects of chloroform include dizziness, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, and headache. On the other hand, the main source of the TCE in the drinking water is from the discharge from metal degreasing procedures and other factor processes. In other cases, the ground water may also be contaminated with TCE especially in areas that are near the industrial sources and the old dumpsites. The consumption of water containing TCE may result in increased chances of experiencing liver problems and developing cancer (Scott & Cogliano, 2000). In order to define the presence other harmful compounds in the water, it will be imperative that more tests and laboratory analyses on other Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are done. These are compounds with chemical and physical properties which allow them to move between air and water. With these further tests, it will be possible to draw conclusions about the state of your drinking

MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MANAGEMENT - Essay Example In most cases, companies will experience organizational change after undergoing a shift in executive powers. When organizational change happens, it does not result in self-adjustment, but requires appropriate management in order to be under control. The business world today is competitive and therefore, companies need to keep adjusting in order to compete favourably in the market. In the fast-moving business environment, companies should embrace organizational change in order to satisfy the standards in the market. Organizations might undergo organizational changes due to a number of reasons. First, if new technology is introduced in a company, there will probably be some changes. Although this might be disruptive to employees, new technology tends to increase the productivity of companies (Burke, 2010). Additionally, companies choose to initiate organizational change as a way of satisfying their customers’ needs. Customer needs today keep changing, even as technology changes. Therefore, a company might be forced to develop new types of products and services, in order to meet its customers’ changing taste. On the other hand, the aspect of economy might lead to both positive and negative organizational change in a company. ... All this is for the purpose of ensuring that the company makes good use of the growth opportunities in the market. Training for employees might be conducted using different ways, to ensure that their newly acquired skills enhance growth of the company (Burke, 2010). There are different types of organizational changes a company might be involved in. These vary depending on the objectives of the company, and the outcomes they anticipate from the organizational change. Different scholars of economics have developed a variety of frameworks, through which an organizational change in a company can be viewed. Grundy (1993) developed a framework of categorization of organizational change. In this framework, there is the smooth incremental organizational change, there is the bumpy incremental, and the discontinuous organizational change (Grundy, 1993). In the smooth incremental change, Grundy considered this to be any type of organizational change, whereby the changes occur in an evolutionary manner, slowly, and systematically. Such changes in an organization are therefore easy to predict. On the other hand, the bumpy incremental changes are characterized by periods of quiet change, which are interrupted abruptly by an increase in the rate of change because of various factors in the organization. An example of this is reorganizations. Finally, the discontinuous organizational change is one that is faced with much turbulence. When this happens, normally, the course of change will take a divergent breakthrough at various points. Therefore, as opposed to the smooth incremental change, the discontinuous change is highly unstable; therefore, it is hard to predict